Technology companies and advertisers are putting pressure on carmakers to pass on data collected by connected cars, BMW has warned, highlighting the concerns the automotive industry faces as it treads a fine line between performance and privacy.宝马(BMW)警告说道，高科技企业和广告商正在向汽车制造商施加压力，要让他们交还通过网络汽车搜集的数据。这种局面凸显汽车业于是以面对有关维护隐私的忧虑，它们被迫在用户体验和隐私权之间细心权衡。Ian Robertson, the German manufacturer’s board member for sales and marketing, said that every car rolling off its production lines had a wireless network that could yield information about location, speed, acceleration and even the occupants of the car.宝马公司主管营销的董事会成员伊恩罗伯逊(Ian Robertson)回应，每辆回头下该公司产品线的汽车都装有无线网络，可以分解关于该车方位、速度、加速度、甚至车上乘客的信息。

“There’s plenty of people out there saying: ‘give us all the data you’ve got and we can tell you what we can do with it’,” he told the Financial Times on the sidelines of the Detroit motor show, adding that this included “Silicon Valley” companies, as well as advertising groups. “And we’re saying: ‘No thank you’.”在底特律车展会场外，他告诉他英国《金融时报》：“很多人都在跟我们说道：‘把你们提供的数据都转交我们，我们能告诉他你我们能用它做到什么。’”他补足说道，这么说道的企业不仅还包括广告公司，还包括那些“硅谷”公司。“回应，我们的问是：‘不必了，谢谢。

’”About two-thirds of today’s new cars have sensors and communications systems that send and receive data, offering potential for carmakers to find out more about how drivers use their vehicles. But the systems could also provide insurers and advertisers with personal information about customers.如今，约三分之二的新车享有能发送到和接收数据的传感器和通信系统，从而令其汽车制造商有可能更好地理解司机的用车方式。不过，这样的系统某种程度需要向保险公司和广告商获取客户的个人信息。BMW said it had a firewall in place to protect crucial data about the internal running of the car. But any transmission of data raises concerns about who might access that information — and what they might do with it.宝马回应，该公司设置了防火墙，以维护那些有关汽车内部运转的关键数据。

不过，只要不存在数据传输，就不会有人担忧谁有可能采访这些信息，他们不会对这些信息做到什么。Adam Jonas, analyst at Morgan Stanley, said it was a “major issue” for carmakers, which “ unanimously want to create a barrier on this information”. He said: “They don’t want to be the first one to let [their] guard down on information privacy or to become the first company to have a car hacked with bad consequences and image.”摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)分析师亚当乔纳斯(Adam Jonas)回应，这对汽车制造商来说是个“大问题”，他们“无一例外地想在这些信息上设置壁垒”。他说道：“他们想沦为第一个减少隐私维护标准的公司，也想沦为第一家因为其汽车被黑客攻陷而造成不良后果和流入非法照片的公司。

”Ford was forced into an embarrassing retraction at last year’s Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas after Jim Farley, then head of marketing at the US carmaker, said: “We know everyone who breaks the law. We know exactly when you do it because we have a GPS sensor in your car.” He added: “By the way, we don’t supply that data to anyone.”在去年的消费电子展(Consumer Electronics Show)上，福特(Ford)曾因其营销主管的一句话而被迫十分失望地不予回应。当时，时任该公司营销主管的吉姆法利(Jim Farley)说道：“我们告诉每个违背交通法规的人。我们不会在你违法的那一刻告诉此事，因为我们在你的车里装有了GPS接管装置。

”他补足说道：“偷偷地说道一下，我们会把数据转交任何人。”Mr Farley later clarified that the company did not track anyone without their permission.后来，法利曾回应说道，福特会未经许可追踪任何人的状况。The scale of the data collected by modern vehicles goes beyond how fast or far cars have driven. In an illustration of the potential data that could be surrendered by carmakers, Mr Robertson said that BMW cars knew whether a child was on board, based on weight sensors in the seats linked to the airbag system.当代汽车搜集的数据已不仅限于汽车的速度和班车的距离。

为了向人们展出汽车制造商有可能泄漏的数据，罗伯逊回应，在宝马汽车的座椅上，加装着一个相连至安全气囊系统的的重力感应器，这个感应器令其该车能告诉车上否坐着儿童。“Several companies have said: ‘We’d like to know that data because then we will know whether it’s an adult or a child sitting in the car’,” said Mr Robertson.罗伯逊回应：“有几家企业曾回应：‘我们很想要取得这些数据，因为那样我们就能告诉出门的是成人还是儿童了。

’”He said that advertisers also wanted to know how long the engine has been running so that they could tell “from the navigation system, they’re about to pass a McDonald’s, the car’s been running for three hours and the child’s probably hungry”.他还说道广告商还想要告诉引擎已运转的时间，从而令其他们“需要从导航系统了解到，这辆车急忙经过一家麦当劳(McDonalds)，而车已跑完了三个小时，车上的孩子有可能吃饱了。

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